![head of Ross MacPhee](/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-ross-mcphee-headshot/5896440-2-eng-US/pole-ross-mcphee-headshot_full_495.png 115w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-ross-mcphee-headshot/5896440-2-eng-US/pole-ross-mcphee-headshot_full_990.png 115w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-ross-mcphee-headshot/5896440-2-eng-US/pole-ross-mcphee-headshot_full_1468.png 115w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-ross-mcphee-headshot/5896440-2-eng-US/pole-ross-mcphee-headshot_full_1980.png 115w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-ross-mcphee-headshot/5896440-2-eng-US/pole-ross-mcphee-headshot_full_2475.png 115w)
Click the (+) signs to explore the items in my scrapbook.
![Antarctic Discoveries](/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/winter_t06_discoveries/5898753-1-eng-US/winter_t06_discoveries_full_495.png 495w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/winter_t06_discoveries/5898753-1-eng-US/winter_t06_discoveries_full_990.png 990w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/winter_t06_discoveries/5898753-1-eng-US/winter_t06_discoveries_full_1468.png 1200w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/winter_t06_discoveries/5898753-1-eng-US/winter_t06_discoveries_full_1980.png 1200w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/winter_t06_discoveries/5898753-1-eng-US/winter_t06_discoveries_full_2475.png 1200w)
![scrapbook page with pictures of teams using telescopes, launching a weather balloon, surveying land, and doing experiments](/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/pole---winter06---antdiscoveries/5903659-1-eng-US/pole---winter06---antdiscoveries_full_495.jpg 495w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/pole---winter06---antdiscoveries/5903659-1-eng-US/pole---winter06---antdiscoveries_full_990.jpg 926w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/pole---winter06---antdiscoveries/5903659-1-eng-US/pole---winter06---antdiscoveries_full_1468.jpg 926w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/pole---winter06---antdiscoveries/5903659-1-eng-US/pole---winter06---antdiscoveries_full_1980.jpg 926w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/pole---winter06---antdiscoveries/5903659-1-eng-US/pole---winter06---antdiscoveries_full_2475.jpg 926w)
![close up of captain Scott bundled up outdoors](/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/enlarge_winter_discov01_twogoals/5936561-1-eng-US/enlarge_winter_discov01_twogoals_full_495.jpg 495w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/enlarge_winter_discov01_twogoals/5936561-1-eng-US/enlarge_winter_discov01_twogoals_full_990.jpg 800w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/enlarge_winter_discov01_twogoals/5936561-1-eng-US/enlarge_winter_discov01_twogoals_full_1468.jpg 800w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/enlarge_winter_discov01_twogoals/5936561-1-eng-US/enlarge_winter_discov01_twogoals_full_1980.jpg 800w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/enlarge_winter_discov01_twogoals/5936561-1-eng-US/enlarge_winter_discov01_twogoals_full_2475.jpg 800w)
Two Goals
Amundsen had one goal: to reach the South Pole first. Scott had the same goal, but he also wanted to make scientific discoveries.
“Science–the rock -foundation of all effort!” – Scott
![crew holding weather balloon](/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/enlarge_winter_discov03_track/5936565-1-eng-US/enlarge_winter_discov03_track_full_495.jpg 495w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/enlarge_winter_discov03_track/5936565-1-eng-US/enlarge_winter_discov03_track_full_990.jpg 990w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/enlarge_winter_discov03_track/5936565-1-eng-US/enlarge_winter_discov03_track_full_1468.jpg 1000w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/enlarge_winter_discov03_track/5936565-1-eng-US/enlarge_winter_discov03_track_full_1980.jpg 1000w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/enlarge_winter_discov03_track/5936565-1-eng-US/enlarge_winter_discov03_track_full_2475.jpg 1000w)
Tracking Weather
George Clarke Simpson was known as “Sunny Jim.” He was the first professional meteorologist to go to the world’s coldest, windiest place. He carefully recorded the weather. And he used weather balloons to measure the temperature and air pressure.
![crew member surveying Antarctic landscape](/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/enlarge_winter_discov02_survey/5936573-1-eng-US/enlarge_winter_discov02_survey_full_495.jpg 495w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/enlarge_winter_discov02_survey/5936573-1-eng-US/enlarge_winter_discov02_survey_full_990.jpg 990w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/enlarge_winter_discov02_survey/5936573-1-eng-US/enlarge_winter_discov02_survey_full_1468.jpg 1200w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/enlarge_winter_discov02_survey/5936573-1-eng-US/enlarge_winter_discov02_survey_full_1980.jpg 1200w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/enlarge_winter_discov02_survey/5936573-1-eng-US/enlarge_winter_discov02_survey_full_2475.jpg 1200w)
Surveying New Land
Geologist Frank Debenham mapped the uncharted areas of Antarctica. He also collected many rock samples. Some even had fossils of ancient fish!
![crew member at night outside with telescope](/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/enlarge_winter_discov05_star/5936569-1-eng-US/enlarge_winter_discov05_star_full_495.jpg 495w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/enlarge_winter_discov05_star/5936569-1-eng-US/enlarge_winter_discov05_star_full_990.jpg 990w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/enlarge_winter_discov05_star/5936569-1-eng-US/enlarge_winter_discov05_star_full_1468.jpg 1200w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/enlarge_winter_discov05_star/5936569-1-eng-US/enlarge_winter_discov05_star_full_1980.jpg 1200w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/enlarge_winter_discov05_star/5936569-1-eng-US/enlarge_winter_discov05_star_full_2475.jpg 1200w)
Stargazing Under Clear Skies
Did you know that Antarctica’s clear night sky is perfect for astronomy? It’s cold, dry, and far from any pollution or city lights. Here, Teddy Evans peers through a telescope at Jupiter.
![crew member in front of microscope in lab](/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/enlarge_winter_discov04_tiny/5936577-1-eng-US/enlarge_winter_discov04_tiny_full_495.jpg 495w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/enlarge_winter_discov04_tiny/5936577-1-eng-US/enlarge_winter_discov04_tiny_full_990.jpg 990w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/enlarge_winter_discov04_tiny/5936577-1-eng-US/enlarge_winter_discov04_tiny_full_1468.jpg 1200w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/enlarge_winter_discov04_tiny/5936577-1-eng-US/enlarge_winter_discov04_tiny_full_1980.jpg 1200w,/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/amnh/images/explore/ology-images/earth/race-to-the-south-pole/pole-02_winter/enlarge_winter_discov04_tiny/5936577-1-eng-US/enlarge_winter_discov04_tiny_full_2475.jpg 1200w)
Discovering Tiny New Species
Scientists were eager to study life that survive in Antarctica’s extreme conditions. Dr. Edward Atkinson used a microscope to examine tiny organisms called parasites. He discovered a new species of worm-like parasite that lived in a penguin’s intestine!
Image Credits:
Scott, courtesy of the Library of Congress; weather balloon, courtesy of NOAA; Dr. Atkinson, Dr. Debenham, Evans with telescope, © Scott Polar Research Institute.